Digital control board documentation

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Revision as of 19:45, 15 June 2009 by Underwood (talk | contribs) (→‎Channel Mapping: output range)
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This documentation covers the most important things to know while testing the digital control board, including component pinouts, nets, and other information.

Power Requirements

Required Voltages

All components on the digital board except the DAC can be tested using only a +5V source. The DAC requires +5V, -5V, and a high voltage corresponding to 10V higher than the maximum desired DAC output voltage. Digital and analog grounds must be connected as well before any testing takes place.

Power Pins

Power shall be connected to the board as follows:

Voltage Eurocard Pin
DGND A6
AGND A5
+5V A4
-5V A3
High voltage
(DAC max out +10,
not to exceed +210V)
A2

Power Supply Sequencing

The control board is designed such that voltages may be supplied in any order so long as AGND and DGND are connected properly. However, for initial testing, the preferred order for powering up the board is as follows:

  1. Ensure AGND/DGND are connected/grounded
  2. +5V
  3. -5V
  4. High voltage

FPGA

The control board uses a Xilinx XC3S50A VQ100 FPGA. It has a 100 pin footprint and is located in the center of the control board.

Power Details

The FPGA is powered by the 3.3V power plane, which is regulated by VR1. The FPGA also obtains 1.2V for its internal logic from a 1.2V power island, regulated by VR3.

Logic Standard

The Xilinx XC3S50A supports several different digital logic standards. The control board is hard wired such that the FPGA will use a 3.3V CMOS logic standard.

Pinout Table

Pin # Net Name Description
P1 FPGA/TMS JTAG
P2 FPGA/TDI JTAG
P3 AD7928/CS SPI chip select for ADC
P4 SPI Erroneously wired SPI bus trace
Connects to SDO on temp. sensor and DIN on ADC
P5 CLK_5MHZ 5 MHz clock output for SPI bus (ADC and temp. sensor)
P6 No connection
P7 No connection
P8 DGND
P9 No connection
P10 No connection
P11 +3.3V
P12 No connection
P13 No connection
P14 DGND
P15 No connection
P16 No connection
P17 +1.2V
P18 DGND
P19 No connection
P20 No connection
P21 No connection
P22 +3.3V
P23 DGND
P24 DGND
P25 DGND
P26 +3.3V
P27 FPGA/CLK_IN 20 MHz clock input from crystal oscillator
P28 No connection
P29 No connection
P30 No connection
P31 No connection
P32 No connection
P33 No connection
P34 No connection
P35 CP2201/INT Ethernet controller interrupt
P36 MASTER_RESET Connects to RESET jumper in upper left of board (active-low, externally pulled up)
P37 No connection
P38 +1.2V
P39 No connection
P40 CP2201/CS Chip select for ethernet controller
P41 CP2201/WR Write enable for ethernet controller
P42 DGND
P43 CP2201/RD Read enable for ethernet controller
P44 CP2201/ALE Address line enable for ethernet controller
P45 +3.3V
P46 CP2201/RESET Reset pin for ethernet controller
P47 DGND
P48 FPGA/INIT_B Used during FPGA configuration - see Xilinx documentation
P49 CP2201/AD0 Ethernet controller address/data bus, bit 0
P50 CP2201/AD1 Ethernet controller address/data bus, bit 1
P51 FPGA/DIN Serial data input from EEPROM for configuration
P52 CP2201/AD2 Ethernet controller address/data bus, bit 2
P53 FPGA/CCLK Configuration clock (signal generated by FPGA at
power on to clock the configuration process)
See Xilinx documentation
P54 FPGA/DONE Gives configuration status - see Xilinx documentation
P55 +3.3V
P56 CP2201/AD3 Ethernet controller address/data bus, bit 3
P57 CP2201/AD4 Ethernet controller address/data bus, bit 4
P58 DGND
P59 CP2201/AD5 Ethernet controller address/data bus, bit 5
P60 CP2201/AD6 Ethernet controller address/date bus, bit 6
P61 CP2201/AD7 Ethernet controller address/date bus, bit 7
P62 No connection
P63 DGND
P64 No connection
P65 No connection
P66 +1.2V
P67 +3.3V
P68 +3.3V
P69 DGND
P70 ID3 Backplane location identifier jumper, pins 3 & 4
Active-low, FPGA should pull high
P71 ID2 Backplane location identifier jumper, pins 5 & 6
Active-low, FPGA should pull high
P72 ID1 Backplane location identifier jumper, pins 7 & 8
Active-low, FPGA should pull high
P73 ID0 Backplane location identifier jumper, pins 9 & 10
Active-low, FPGA should pull high
P74 DGND
P75 FPGA/TDO JTAG
P76 FPGA/TCK JTAG
P77 ID4 Backplane location identifier jumper, pins 1 & 2
Active-low, FPGA should pull high
P78 No connection
P79 +3.3V
P80 DGND
P81 +1.2V
P82 No connection
P83 CLK_5MHZ_2 5 MHz clock output for DAC
P84 No connection
P85 AD5535/DIN DAC serial data input (FPGA out -> DAC in)
P86 No connection
P87 DGND
P89 No connection
P90 No connection
P91 DGND
P92 +3.3V
P93 AD7314/CE Chip enable for temperature sensor
P94 No connection
P95 DGND
P96 +3.3V
P97 AD7928/DOUT Erroneously wired ADC SPI bus connection
Connects to DOUT on ADC
P98 AD5535/RESET Reset pin for DAC
P99 DGND
P100 FPGA/PROG_B Used during FPGA configuration - see Xilinx documentation

EEPROM

To facilitate power-on configuration of the FPGA, the control board includes a Xilinx XCF01S EEPROM. The EEPROM is located to the left of the FPGA, above the JTAG header, and has a 20 pin footprint. The EEPROM is labelled U5.

Power Details

The EEPROM uses +3.3V exclusively, which it receives from the +3.3V power plane, regulated by VR1.

Flashing/Burning/Writing

Whatever you call it, this refers to storing data in the EEPROM so that it can configure the FPGA at power-on. The EEPROM is programmed using a JTAG interface and the Xilinx Platform USB II cable. It is important to note that in digital board's JTAG chain, the EEPROM is the first device in the chain, unlike in the Xilinx documentation where it is shown as the second device. This should not affect the operation of the board, but should be reflected in the Xilinx software when writing the EEPROM via JTAG.

FPGA Configuration

The EEPROM and FPGA are hardwired to use a master serial protocol to transfer the program from the EEPROM to the FPGA. This is the protocol recommended in the Xilinx documentation because it minimizes the number of traces necessary to run between the EEPROM and FPGA. All configuration data is sent over a single trace, FPGA/DIN (pin 1 on EEPROM), controlled by the configuration clock signal (FPGA/CCLK) which is automatically generated by the FPGA at power-on. When configuration is complete, FPGA/DONE (pin 10) is pulled high by the FPGA, and the EEPROM and configuration clock are deactivated.

Pinout Table

Pin # Net Name Description
1 FPGA/DIN Serial data line
Carries data from the EEPROM to the FPGA
2 No connection
3 FPGA/CCLK Configuration clock
Auto generated by FPGA at power-on, disabled at end of configuration
4 EEPROM/TDI This is the EEPROM's TDI
This is the entry point for the onboard JTAG chain
5 FPGA/TMS JTAG TMS
Connects to both FPGA and EEPROM
6 FPGA/TCK JTAG TCK
Connects to both FPGA and EEPROM
7 FPGA/PROG_B Used during configuration
See Xilinx documentation
8 FPGA/INIT_B Used during configuration - can be used to intiate reconfiguration of FPGA
See Xilinx documentation
9 No connection
10 FPGA/DONE Indicates completion of FPGA configuration
High when complete
11 DGND
12-16 No connection
17 FPGA/TDI This is the EEPROM's TDO/FPGA's TDI
18-20 +3.3V

JTAG Header

To write the FPGA's program to the EEPROM, the board employs a JTAG based programming system consistent with Xilinx's recommendations. The system is designed to operate with Xilnx's Platform USB II cable and the flying lead adapter.

Header Location and Size

The header consists of 14 pins, 100 mil pitch, just below the EEPROM (U5). The header is labelled P1. The pitch of the pins in the header was erroneously selected to be 100 mil, which is not compatible with Xilinx's JTAG ribbon cable. Therefore, the Xilinx flying lead adapter must be used.

Power Details

The JTAG interface is powered by the +3.3V power plane, not by the computer's USB port. Power is supplied through pin 2 of the JTAG header.

Pinout Table

Note that the header is positioned on the board rotated 180 degrees from the position in which it is shown in the Xilinx documentation. Care must be taken when connecting the flying leads to ensure they are connected to the right pins. Connecting the flying leads to the wrong side of the header will cause all of the leads to short on the digital board's ground plane. This will certainly cause undesired operation, and may or may not cause damage. Improper wiring is most likely to cause damage if one of the flying leads is connected to an odd numbered pin. Note from the pinout table below that no flying lead connections should ever be made to the odd numbered pins on the JTAG header.

Pin # Net Name Description
1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 (odd pins) DGND Ground pins for signal integrity
Never connect a flying lead to these pins
Doing so will short to ground and may cause permanent damage if the Platform USB II cable does not have protection against this.
2 +3.3V Power source for all JTAG logic
4 FPGA/TMS JTAG TMS - connects to EEPROM and FPGA
6 FPGA/TCK JTAG TCK - connects to EEPROM and FPGA
8 FPGA/TDO JTAG boundary scan chain endpoint
10 EEPROM/TDI JTAG boundary scan chain start point
12 No connection Pin is floating
14 No connection Pin is floating

JTAG Overview

The JTAG interface is clocked by the TCK signal. TCK is generated by the Platform USB II cable, and connects directly from the JTAG header to both the EEPROM and FPGA.

The TMS signal is directly connected to both the EEPROM and FPGA, and is the data line over which JTAG test results (in this case programming results) are sent. TMS is used by only one component at a time.

The TDI/TDO lines form a chain that connects to each JTAG component in series. On the control board, the first point in the chain is the EEPROM's TDI. Next is the EEPROM's TDO, which is the same as the FPGA's TDI. The FPGA's TDO then returns to the JTAG header and the Platform USB II cable.

DAC

The control board uses the Analog Devices AD5535, 32-channel, 200V max, digital to analog converter. This chip has a modified BC-124 BGA footprint and is located above the Eurocard connector at the bottom of the board. It is labelled U3.

Power Details

The DAC is primarily powered by the +5V power island, regulated by an off-board power supply and extensively decoupled in the area of the DAC. The DAC also requires -5V, and a high voltage as discussed in #Power Requirements. Both of these voltages are supplied by an off-board supply and decoupled near the DAC. In addition to these voltage levels, the DAC requires a precise +2.5V reference, created by the shunt-type voltage reference VR4.

It should be noted that the DAC is designed to be able to output up to 200V on any or all of its channels, and to source up to 700uA per channel regardless of the voltage being output. However, there is no reason why the high voltage line can't be set to a lower voltage if 200V is not needed.

Thermal Diode

The DAC has a built in thermal diode. The diode drop from anode to cathode is 0.65V at 25°C. It changes at a rate of -2.20mV/°C. The anode of this diode is connected to the +5V power island, and the cathode is connected to a 270K resistor to ground. The voltage between the cathode and the resistor is connected to VIN1 (pin 15) on the ADC).

Pinout Table

See documentation from Analog Devices.

Setting the Output Range

The output range of the DAC is set by the 2.5V reference voltage supplied by VR4. The high voltage power supply must supply at a minimum 50 times this voltage, plus 10. <tex>V_{outmax}=50*VREF+10</tex>. Thus, the high voltage power supply should be at least 135V for DAC to operate properly, even though the SiPMs are expected to need only 40V. If it is convenient to use a lower high voltage, VR4 must be replaced to prove lower reference voltage. The high voltage may then be decreased appropriately.

Channel Mapping

Due to the layout of the balls on the footprint of the DAC, the DAC's internal channel numbers (which must be referenced by the FPGA) have no correlation to the channel numbers on the amplifier board. This table summarizes the mapping between various pins that belong to each channel.

DAC Channel # DAC Pin # Digital Board Eurocard Pin # Amplifier Board Eurocard Pin # Physical Channel #
0 B1 B3
1 A2 C4
2 D1 B2
3 C2 C3
4 B3 B4
5 E2 C2
6 F3 B1
7 A4 B5
8 E4 C5
9 B5 C6
10 F5 C1
11 A6 C7
12 E6 B6
13 B7 B7
14 F7 C10
15 E8 C8
16 A8 B8
17 B9 C9
18 F9 C16
19 E10 B11
20 A10 B9
21 B11 B10
22 C12 B12
23 D13 B13
24 E12 B14
25 A12 C11
26 B13 C12
27 H13 B16
28 G14 B15
29 C14 C13
30 F13 C15
31 E14 C14 DACHEALTH... anything else??